Did people worship or associate bulls with God?

On the one hand reading the title might make us found it funny to worship and glorify bulls, on the other hand if we sit and consider it more carefully, for sure 2 or 3 cultures associated with “worshiping” bulls will suddenly come to mind.

So I started to do some research on the subject and broaden my knowledge, and I was astonished! Below you will not only see a couple of gods being presented as bulls, but the list is quite wide! I am sure I have omitted some… If you know some other god or religion associated with these majestic, imposing and magnificent animals and you want to help this list get bigger send me an inbox!!!

  • Adad/Hadad – Mesopotamian storm god associated with bulls. The bull was actually the symbolic animal of Adad/Hadad.
  • Agni – Hindu fire god variously described as a bull or compared to one.
  • An/Anu – Mesopotamian sky god. Originally seen as a great bull, later said to own the Bull of Heaven.
  • Apis/Hapi – bull god, associated with Ptah and Osiris, sometime portrayed with a sun disk between his horn.
  • Baal – Semitic storm god whose cult animal was the bull.
  • Buchis Bull – a bull with a black face and a white body thought to be the manifestation of the life force of Montu. Also associated with Ra and Osiris.
  • Dionysos – Greek god of the vine who is variously described as bull faced, bull horned and bull foot raging.
  • Gugalanna – Sumerian known as “The Great Bull of Heaven”, first husband of Ereshkigal, the Goddess of the Realm of the Dead; killed by Gilgamesh and Enkidu. Associated with the sign of Taurus.
  • Indra – from India, known as the World Bull for his fertilizing powers.
  • Jupiter Dolichenus – a syncretism of Jupiter and Baal, typically shown standing on a bull.
  • Min – Egyptian fertility god identified with Mnevis bull (Heliopolis); associated with white bulls.
  • Mithras – a Persian god popular with Roman troops who is typically portrayed slaying a bull.
  • Mnevis bull – black, sacred bull of Heliopolis and eventually identified with Apis. Associated with Re and Min.
  • Montu – Egyptian god of war; associated with the Buchis bull, sometimes pictured with the head of a bull.
  • Osiris – associated with the Apis bull and Buchis bull; Plutarch wrote that the “Apis was a fair and beautiful image of the soul of Osiris”.
  • Perun – Slavic storm deity, the bull was his sacred animal.
  • Poseidon – Greek sea god who sent a white bull (known as the Cretan bull later memorialized as Taurus constellation) to Minos to be sacrificed but Minos kept the bull instead. This angered the god who caused the wife of Minos to fall in love with the bull leading to the birth of the Minotaur.
  • Ptah – the Apis bull was originally associated with Ptah, the creator of the universe and master of destiny, before becoming associated with Osiris.
  • Re – represented by the Buchis bull; associated with Mnevis, the sacred bull of Heliopolis.
  • Rudra – according to the Rig-Veda, this bull fertilized the earth with his sperm.
  • Serapis – Ptolemy I started this cult by combining components of Zeus, Asklepios, Dionysos, Osiris and Apis bull in an effort to unite the Greeks and Egyptians under his rule. A god of fertility and the underworld.
  • Shiva – rode Nandi, a bull variously said to symbolize sexual energy which is at times transformed to spiritual energy, cosmic order, strength and justice.
  • Sin – Mesopotamian moon good who rode a winged bull.
  • Teshub – Hittite storm god whose chariot is pulled by the celestial bulls Surri and Hurri.
  • Yahweh – associated with the Golden Calf.
  • Zeus – abducted Europa in the guise of a white bull, she later born Minos whose impiety cause the birth of the Minotaur.

Share:

More Posts